One of the most beautiful cities in Europe, Bath
has been a popular resort for almost two thousand years. A combination of the hot springs,
whose source still baffles geologists, and a taste for fashionable pleasure has secured
the city's success.
King Bladud
One of the oldest stories about the healing powers of the water date back to the
ninth century BC when the son of an English king was cured of leprosy. Due to his
illness, Bladud had been expelled from his father's court and had become a swineherd.
While watching his pigs, who also suffered from the disease, he realised that they had
been cured after wallowing in the warm muddy swamps. He followed their example and was
cured. Later, he was crowned king and built the city of Bath upon the swamp which
had cured him.
Romans
The Romans, after occupying Britain, were quick to build their own Baths and like
most efficient colonial powers integrated local customs with their own. They combined the
name of their goddess with the local deity to create the goddess Sulis Minerva, naming the
city after her - Aqua Sulis in 43AD. They believed the waters would cure all
manner of ailments and thus attracted thriving commerce. One of Bath's biggest thrills is
to walk back in time and explore the extraordinarily complete roman baths,
to marvel at the sophisticated underfloor heating (hypocausts), and soak up the minutiae
of Pax Romana.
Georgians
During the Georgian period (1714 - 1830), Bath became the focus for out of London
activity, and Kings, Queens and commoners alike bathed in the waters; a trend to some
extent instigated by the visit of Queen Anne in 1702/3.
Three figures are credited with making Georgian
Bath into the place to visit. The Architect John Wood who planned and built the
palatial streets, the entrepreneur Ralph Allen who provided much of the money and stone to
build them with, and Richard 'Beau' Nash, the master of ceremonies who managed the balls
in the buildings they built; including the Assembly Rooms and the Pump Room.
The Georgian period architecturally now accounts
for Bath's enduring beauty, as their terraces, follies, parks and crescents remain a
testament to their collective wealth and taste. But when these buildings are animated
further by the readers imagination, when characters vividly promenade Great Pulteney Street discussing the events of the previous nights ball, then a fourth
builder of Bath must be acknowledged - the author Jane Austen,
in whose novels another Bath life maybe glimpsed.
Y2K+
Today Bath is a city whose heritage is protected by law, but whose heart burgeons
with life and modernity. While Bath has given its name to the Bath Oliver, Bath
stone and the Bath Chair, its 90,000 residents now enjoy the 25 galleries, 4 cinemas, 3
theatres, and a full calendar of non stop festivals and events. To experience Bath
at its best is a little like having time laid out before you in a glorious spectrum; each
period is distilled but seems so alive.